GWB: 4 assumptions

4 assumptions about language, thinking, & learners (pg. 20)

1. reading is an active process
2. reading is a language process
3. Readers have knowledge about language
4. authors have knowledge about language

Both reader and author are active in constructing meaning - transactional

Language cueing systems are the sources of information that readers use in their transactions with text as they seek to understand (25)

• graphophonic - sounds & written form
  
• syntactic - the way human organize the sentences of a language in relation to other sentences - whether for purposes of reading, writing, speaking, listening - is its syntax
  
• semantic - meaning - therefore influenced by culture & beliefs
• pragmatic - context
  

All of these cueing systems work within the socio-cultural context of reader/author - pragmatic system - language occurs in a context - how we use it or interpret it, depends on context

Reading Strategies

• initiating & sampling strategies - look at title - sample some text and pictures
  
• predicting strategies - inferencing - guess based on previous knowledge
  
• confirming strategies - was guess right or wrong - leads to self-correcting
  

sampling happens in all perceptual processes - listening for eg - allows senses not to be overwhelmed

seems like many of the strategies are happening without reader consciously attending to them - automatic?

cyclical processes